What are the advantages of CNC machining?

What are the advantages of CNC machining?

The main feature of CNC machining is to use perforated tape (or magnetic tape) to control the machine tool for automatic machining. Due to the different characteristics of aircraft, rockets, and engine components: aircraft and rockets are spare parts with large component sizes and complex shapes; Zero engine, small component volume, high accuracy. So the CNC machine tools chosen by aircraft, rocket manufacturing departments, and engine manufacturing departments are different. In aircraft and rocket manufacturing, large CNC milling machines with continuous control are mainly used, while in engine manufacturing, there are both continuous control CNC machines and point-to-point control CNC machines (such as CNC drilling machines, CNC boring machines, machining centers, etc.).

During CNC machining, there is no need to manually control the cutting tools, resulting in a high degree of automation and significant benefits:

(1) The requirements for operators are relatively low: an ordinary machine tool employee cannot be trained in a short period of time, but the training time for a CNC worker without programming is very short (for example, a CNC lathe worker needs a week, and a simple machining program can be written). Moreover, the parts processed by CNC workers on CNC machines are more precise and time-saving than those processed by ordinary workers on traditional machines.

(2) Reduce the labor intensity of workers: CNC workers are mostly excluded from the processing process, which is very labor-saving.

(3) Stable product quality: The machining automation of CNC machine tools eliminates the fatigue, carelessness, and estimation errors of workers on ordinary machine tools, improving product consistency.

(4) High machining efficiency: The automatic tool change of CNC machine tools makes the machining process compact and improves labor productivity.

Traditional machine tools, although flexible, have low efficiency; Although traditional aircraft have high efficiency, they have poor adaptability to parts, high rigidity, and poor flexibility, making it difficult to adapt to frequent product modifications brought about by fierce competition in the market economy. As long as the program is changed, new parts can be machined on the CNC machine tool, and it can be operated automatically, with good flexibility and high efficiency. Therefore, CNC machine tools can adapt well to market competition.

With the gradual reduction of manufacturing costs for CNC machine tools, there has been a situation of processing large quantities of parts both domestically and internationally. When processing small batch and single piece production, if the debugging time of the program and the preparation time of the fixture can be shortened, it can also be chosen. Due to the good rigidity, high manufacturing accuracy, accurate tool alignment, and convenient size compensation of CNC machine tools, they can process parts with high dimensional accuracy requirements.

When the material, precision machining allowance, and tool angle of the workpiece and tool are constant, the surface roughness depends on the cutting speed and feed rate. The speed of a regular machine tool is constant, and the cutting speed varies depending on the diameter. For example, CNC lathes have a constant linear speed cutting function. When turning different diameter end faces and outer circles, the same linear speed can be used to ensure that the surface roughness value is small and consistent. When processing surfaces with different surface roughness, surfaces with lower roughness use lower feed rates, while surfaces with higher roughness use higher feed rates, resulting in good variability, which is difficult for ordinary machine tools to achieve.

Precision machining