Development of CNC machining and programming technology in precision casting

Development of CNC machining and programming technology in precision casting

CNC machining technology is a product of high-tech applications such as computers, automatic control, automatic detection, and precision machinery, which has developed rapidly with their development. CNC technology has greatly promoted the development of computer-aided manufacturing, flexible manufacturing systems, computer integrated manufacturing systems, virtual manufacturing systems, and agile manufacturing, and will move towards high-speed, high-precision, multifunctional, systematic, and high reliability. With the continuous development of society and the improvement of advanced technology, in today's manufacturing industry, various enterprises not only need to produce high-quality parts, but also have higher requirements for the entire production process in order to improve processing efficiency and produce both economic and qualified parts, in order to seek greater benefits. Today, precision casting manufacturer Tianyao Metal summarizes the development trend of CNC machining and programming technology from the following aspects:

1、 Functional development direction

(1) Graphical user interface

The user interface is the dialogue interface between the CNC system and the user. Due to different user requirements for interfaces, the workload of developing user interfaces is enormous, and user interfaces have become one of the difficult parts in computer software development. The current technologies such as INTERNET, virtual reality, scientific computing visualization, and multimedia have also put forward higher requirements for user interfaces. The graphical user interface greatly facilitates the use of ordinary users. People can operate through windows and menus, facilitating blueprint programming and rapid programming, three-dimensional color dynamic graphic display and simulation, and the implementation of different directions of views and local display scaling functions.

(2) Visualization of Scientific Computing

Scientific computing visualization can be used to process and interpret data, allowing information exchange to no longer be limited to written and linguistic expressions, but can directly use visual information such as graphics, images, animations, etc. The combination of visualization technology and virtual environment technology has further expanded its application areas, such as drawing free design and virtual prototyping technology. This is of great significance for shortening product design cycles, improving product quality, and reducing product costs. In the field of CNC technology, visualization technology can be used for CAD/CAM, such as automatic programming design, parameter automatic setting, dynamic processing and display of tool compensation and tool management data, as well as visual simulation demonstrations of machining processes.

(3) Diversified interpolation and compensation methods

Multiple interpolation methods such as linear interpolation, circular interpolation, cylindrical interpolation, spatial elliptical surface interpolation, thread interpolation, polar coordinate interpolation, 2D+2 spiral interpolation, NANO interpolation, NURBS interpolation (non-uniform rational B-spline interpolation), spline interpolation (A, B, C splines), polynomial interpolation, etc. Multiple compensation functions such as gap compensation, verticality compensation, quadrant error compensation, pitch and measurement system error compensation, speed related feedforward compensation, temperature compensation, tool radius compensation with smooth approach and exit, and inverse point calculation.

(4) Built in high-performance PLC

The CNC system is equipped with a high-performance PLC control module, which can be directly programmed using ladder diagrams or language, and has intuitive online debugging and online help functions. The programming tool includes a standard PLC user program instance for lathes and milling machines. Users can edit and modify the standard PLC user program to easily establish their own application programs.

(5) Multimedia Technology Applications

Multimedia technology integrates computer, audio-visual, and communication technologies, enabling computers to comprehensively process sound, text, image, and video information. In the field of CNC technology, the application of multimedia technology can achieve comprehensive and intelligent information processing, and has significant application value in real-time monitoring systems, fault diagnosis of production site equipment, and monitoring of production process parameters.

2、 Performance development direction

(1) High speed, high precision, and high efficiency

Speed, accuracy, and efficiency are key performance indicators of mechanical manufacturing technology. Due to the adoption of high-speed CPU chips, RISC chips, multi CPU control systems, and AC digital servo systems with high-resolution detection components, as well as effective measures to improve the dynamic and static characteristics of machine tools, the high-speed, high-precision, and high-efficiency of machine tools have been greatly improved.

(2) Flexibility 

It includes two aspects: the flexibility of the CNC system itself, the modular design of the CNC system, the large functional coverage, strong cuttability, and easy to meet the needs of different users; The flexibility of the group control system allows the same group control system to automatically adjust the material flow and information flow according to the requirements of different production processes, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of the group control system.

(3) Process complexity and multi axis

Composite processing, with the main purpose of reducing process and auxiliary time, is developing towards multi axis and multi series control functions. The process compounding of CNC machine tools refers to the composite processing of multiple processes and surfaces through various measures such as automatic tool changing, rotating spindle head or turntable after a workpiece is clamped on a machine tool. CNC technology axis, Siemens 880 system can control up to 24 axes.

(4) Real time intelligence

Early real-time systems were typically designed for relatively simple ideal environments, and their role was to schedule tasks to ensure they were completed within a specified timeframe. Artificial intelligence attempts to use computational models to achieve various intelligent behaviors of humans. Today, with the development of science and technology, real-time systems and artificial intelligence are combined. Artificial intelligence is moving towards more realistic fields with real-time response, and real-time systems are also moving towards more complex applications with intelligent behavior, thus giving rise to the new field of real-time intelligent control. In the field of CNC technology, research and application of real-time intelligent control are developing along several main branches: adaptive control, fuzzy control, neural network control, expert control, learning control, feedforward control, etc. For example, in the CNC system, adaptive adjustment systems such as programming expert system, fault diagnosis expert system, parameter automatic setting, and tool automatic management and compensation are equipped. In the comprehensive motion control during high-speed machining, advance prediction and budget function, dynamic feedforward function are introduced, and fuzzy control is adopted in pressure, temperature, position, speed control, etc., greatly improving the control performance of the CNC system and achieving the purpose of control.

Precision machining